...he Ddr al-Islam and the Dar al'Harb'This was called Ihe Dar al-'Ahd and included those non-Muslim stateswhich had submitted by treaty to an Islamic state but had not beenincorporated into itrs. Upon submission and pledge of a yearly tribute'such countries were granted 'ahcl wa amdn, under which the Caliph orSultan pledged peace, protection from internal and external enemies' nocolonization by Muslim peoples, and no interference by Muslim of-ficials in internal affairs. Thus, both the earliest Mu...